RESUMO
OBJETIVO: Estudiar a los pacientes que tuvieron un ictus en el postoperatorio de cirugía cardiaca, para ver la evolución y determinar los factores que influyen en su pronóstico y tratamiento. MÉTODOS: Establecimos un protocolo para la detección precoz de ictus en los pacientes tras cirugía cardiaca. Recogimos la aparición de ictus y datos clínicos, quirúrgicos y pronósticos; posteriormente realizamos un análisis descriptivo. RESULTADOS: Durante los 15 meses del estudio hubo 16 ictus, un 2,5% de los pacientes operados. Edad media 69 ± 8 años, 63% varones. La incidencia de ictus en pacientes octogenarios fue del 5,1%. Cinco (31%) fueron cirugías urgentes. Por enfermedad cardiaca intervenida: un 7% recibió cirugía mitral, 6,5% cirugía combinada, un 3% cirugía valvular aórtica y un 2,24% cirugía coronaria. La mayoría de los ictus (44%) fueron por embolia, seguida por hipoperfusión (25%). El 69% de los ictus ocurrieron en los 2 primeros días de postoperatorio. La media de la puntuación en la escala NIHSS en el ictus fue 9, se activó código ictus en 10 (62%), y se realizó trombectomía en uno de ellos (14%). La evolución fue favorable en la mayoría, con una escala de Rankin a los 3 meses ≤ 2 en 13 (80%). No hubo muertes hospitalarias entre estos pacientes. CONCLUSIÓN: En nuestro medio, los ictus tras cirugía cardiaca son de pequeño tamaño y tienen una buena evolución a largo plazo. La mayoría ocurren en los primeros 2 días de postoperatorio y su mecanismo es principalmente embólico. La incidencia de ictus en los pacientes octogenarios intervenidos fue del doble que en la población general
OBJECTIVE: We studied patients who had experienced a stroke in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery, aiming to analyse their progression and determine the factors that may influence prognosis and treatment. METHODS: We established a protocol for early detection of stroke after cardiac surgery and collected data on stroke onset and a number of clinical, surgical, and prognostic variables in order to perform a descriptive analysis. RESULTS: Over the 15-month study period we recorded 16 strokes, which represent 2.5% of the patients who underwent cardiac surgery. Mean age in our sample was 69 ± 8 years; 63% of patients were men. The incidence of stroke in patients aged 80 and older was 5.1%. Five patients (31%) underwent emergency surgery. By type of cardiac surgery, 7% of patients underwent mitral valve surgery, 6.5% combined surgery, 3% aortic valve surgery, and 2.24% coronary surgery. Most cases of stroke (44%) were due to embolism, followed by hypoperfusion (25%). Stroke occurred within 2 days of surgery in 69% of cases. The mean NIHSS score in our sample of stroke patients was 9; code stroke was activated in 10 cases (62%); one patient (14%) underwent thrombectomy. Most patients progressed favourably: 13 (80%) scored ≤ 2 on the modified Rankin Scale at 3 months. None of the patients died during the postoperative hospital stay. CONCLUSION: In our setting, strokes occurring after cardiac surgery are usually small and have a good long-term prognosis. Most of them occur within 2 days, and they are mostly embolic in origin. The incidence of stroke in patients aged 80 and older and undergoing cardiac surgery is twice as high as that of the general population
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/efeitos adversos , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/etiologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Período Pós-Operatório , Estudos Prospectivos , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Trombectomia , Prognóstico , IncidênciaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: We studied patients who had experienced a stroke in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery, aiming to analyse their progression and determine the factors that may influence prognosis and treatment. METHODS: We established a protocol for early detection of stroke after cardiac surgery and collected data on stroke onset and a number of clinical, surgical, and prognostic variables in order to perform a descriptive analysis. RESULTS: Over the 15-month study period we recorded 16 strokes, which represent 2.5% of the patients who underwent cardiac surgery. Mean age in our sample was 69 ± 8 years; 63% of patients were men. The incidence of stroke in patients aged 80 and older was 5.1%. Five patients (31%) underwent emergency surgery. By type of cardiac surgery, 7% of patients underwent mitral valve surgery, 6.5% combined surgery, 3% aortic valve surgery, and 2.24% coronary surgery. Most cases of stroke (44%) were due to embolism, followed by hypoperfusion (25%). Stroke occurred within 2 days of surgery in 69% of cases. The mean NIHSS score in our sample of stroke patients was 9; code stroke was activated in 10 cases (62%); one patient (14%) underwent thrombectomy. Most patients progressed favourably: 13 (80%) scored≤2 on the modified Rankin Scale at 3 months. None of the patients died during the postoperative hospital stay. CONCLUSION: In our setting, strokes occurring after cardiac surgery are usually small and have a good long-term prognosis. Most of them occur within 2 days, and they are mostly embolic in origin. The incidence of stroke in patients aged 80 and older and undergoing cardiac surgery is twice as high as that of the general population.
